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MBE Advance Access published online on February 9, 2005
Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi:10.1093/molbev/msi109
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Molecular Biology and Evolution © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Accepted January 25, 2005

Research Article

A Genomic Region Evolving Toward Different GC Contents in Humans and Chimpanzees Indicates a Recent and Regionally Limited Shift in the Mutation Pattern

Ingo Ebersberger 1* and Matthias Meyer 1

1 Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ingo Ebersberger, E-mail: ebersber{at}cs.uni-duesseldorf.de


  Abstract

DNA sequences evolving differently in the human and chimpanzee genomes signal recent and regionally limited changes in the process of DNA sequence evolution. Here we present the comparison of 90 kb from the non-recombining part of the human Y chromosome to the corresponding part of the chimpanzee genome using gorilla as outgroup. Our results reveal a significant difference in the region-specific substitution process among the human and chimpanzee lineages. As a consequence, this region experiences a change of its GC content on the human lineage while it resides in compositional equilibrium on the chimpanzee lineage. Based on our analysis we suggest a recent and species-specific shift in the region's mutation pattern as the cause of its differing evolution in humans and chimpanzees.

Keywords: compositional evolution; region-specific mutation rate; human-chimpanzee comparison; biased gene conversion; mutation bias.
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